| Judea Ashkenazi Sefardi Mizrachi TaNaKH
Humash Pentateuch Torah min ha-shamayyim Documentary Hypothesis Synagogue yad aron parashah (pl. parshiyyot) aliyah haftarah Septuagint mitzvah, pl. mitzvot miqveh, pl. miqva'ot halakhah aggadah Pharisees Sadducees Essenes Mishnah
Beraita Gemara Talmud tractate (massekhet) Midrash
Amora, pl. Amoraim sanhedrin Torah she-bi-khtav (Written Torah) Torah she-be-'al-peh (Oral Torah) Shema' Haggadah Karaites YHWH nefesh apikoros middat ha-din middat ha-rahamim Shekhinah Kabbalah Ein Sof sefirah, pl. sefirot |
Abraham
Isaac Jacob David Solomon
Maccabees Hillel Shammai Rabbi Akibah Rabbi Yehudah ha-Nasi (Judah the Prince) Philo Rabbi Saadia Gaon Rabbi Solomon ben Isaac (RaSHI) Rabbi Judah Halevi Moses Maimonides (RaMBaM) Dates & concepts: monotheism |